Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. But how do we know this? Who do we credit for this insight?
I'll answer that for you: Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin.
In 1925, she was awarded the first Ph.D in astronomy ever. Payne-Gaposchkin was the first to suggest that stars consist primarily of hydrogen—the prevailing theory at the time was that the sun (and therefore all stars) had a chemical composition more or less similar to Earth's. Instead, Pyane-Gaposchkin argued that silicon, carbon, and other metals content was more or less similar, but that helium and hydrogen were far more abundant in the sun than on Earth (for hydrogen, she calculated that it was more prevalent in the sun by a factor of one million). By all rights a discovery as important to science as gravity, special relativity, or evolution, yet it's one that often gets omitted from science curricula.
After a long career of crappy pay and little formal recognition, by 1956 Payne-Gaposchkin was one of the first female professors at Harvard's Faculty of Arts and Sciences. She retired ten years later, at the age of 66, having taught and mentored astronomical luminaries such as Helen Sawyer Hogg, Joseph Ashbrook, Frank Drake and Paul W. Hodge.
If you'd like, you can read her paper "On the Physical Condition of the Supernovae" in its entirety at the website for the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
Saturday, February 1, 2014
Thursday, January 30, 2014
Commercial Levity: Fruits and Veggies are Tough!
This is the latest ad campaign by one of the big grocery stores in Sweden. It's much sillier than any grocery store ad I remember seeing back home in the states.
My favorite part is probably the dirt bike footage and its obvious watermark. Is this what the kids are calling "post ironic"?
Monday, January 27, 2014
101 in 1001
Forgot to post this yesterday!
In progress:
I'm making progress towards Rivendell every day. (6 - 1) I surpassed 300 km this weekend!
Another post and comment. (1 - 3) (7 - 3)
I watched a documentary recommended to me by a friend, The House I Live In. (9 - 6) I want to say that it was eye-opening, but it's no surprise to me that America's "War on Drugs" has terrible implications for the fabric of our society.
I also listened to another episode of "The History of Rome." (9 - 7)
I donated 3000 more grains of rice on FreeRice as well. (12 - 7) (56,000 / 70,000)
Completed:
None!
Failed:
None!
The entire list is after the jump.
In progress:
I'm making progress towards Rivendell every day. (6 - 1) I surpassed 300 km this weekend!
Another post and comment. (1 - 3) (7 - 3)
I watched a documentary recommended to me by a friend, The House I Live In. (9 - 6) I want to say that it was eye-opening, but it's no surprise to me that America's "War on Drugs" has terrible implications for the fabric of our society.
I also listened to another episode of "The History of Rome." (9 - 7)
I donated 3000 more grains of rice on FreeRice as well. (12 - 7) (56,000 / 70,000)
Completed:
None!
Failed:
None!
The entire list is after the jump.
Labels:
101 in 1001,
life
Saturday, January 25, 2014
Friday, January 24, 2014
Friday Etsy Find: UpShirtsCreek
The whole "circles" thing on Etsy wasn't necessarily a bad idea, but it could too easily go to crap. I found myself following people turned out to have incredibly dull taste, so my feed was stuffed with ugly coffee cozies and poorly photographed children's clothing and other things that weren't really of interest to me. I took the time to unfollow maybe two-thirds of the people I had been following, and suddenly my feed was full of really great, interesting items again. A shirt from UpShirtsCreek was one of them:
To Kill a Mockingbird is one of my favorite books of all time. Atticus Finch, what a stand-up guy:
To Kill a Mockingbird is one of my favorite books of all time. Atticus Finch, what a stand-up guy:
I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what.I love the design of this shirt, too. I love how subtle it is; if you didn't catch the reference, it would look like the kind of design a real attorney would put on a t-shirt (if an attorney felt like they needed to advertise via t-shirts). But there's more than just literature references.
For your favorite physics enthusiast!
Okay, another literature reference, but the execution on this one is too good. In case you forgot the whole quote from Merchant of Venice: "Love is blind, and lovers cannot see / The petty follies that themselves commit."
One of the more understated band fandom shirts I've seen. Even though I'm not a huge fan of Rush (or missing Oxford commas!), I like it.
A couple of these are definitely going to be gifts for people in my life. Maybe even myself, if I'm feeling generous. I followed UpShirtsCreek on Facebook to keep up on new designs, and you should too!
Labels:
apparel,
books,
etsy finds,
music,
physics
Monday, January 20, 2014
101 in 1001
My little soapbox yesterday meant I had to wait until today to post progress on my 101 in 1001 list.
In progress:
I'm making progress towards Rivendell every day. (6 - 1) This week marks over 200 kilometers.
Another post and comment. (1 - 3) (7 - 3)
Completed:
I finally got to Skatteverket to submit the paperwork for my ID card. (1 - 7) I don't have it in hand yet, as I have to wait a week or two before I can go pick it up, but since I've done the difficult part I'm counting this task as finished.
Failed:
None!
The entire list is after the jump.
In progress:
I'm making progress towards Rivendell every day. (6 - 1) This week marks over 200 kilometers.
Another post and comment. (1 - 3) (7 - 3)
Completed:
I finally got to Skatteverket to submit the paperwork for my ID card. (1 - 7) I don't have it in hand yet, as I have to wait a week or two before I can go pick it up, but since I've done the difficult part I'm counting this task as finished.
Failed:
None!
The entire list is after the jump.
Labels:
101 in 1001,
life
Sunday, January 19, 2014
On Indiemade, Etsy, and "Do What You Love."
The oft-referenced Rae linked to a really fascinating article on the exhortation to "follow your dream and do what you love!"; so fascinating was it that I wanted to discuss it in more detail.
Working in the name of love.
The Jacobin article up there did a great job articulating all of the privilege inherent in these kinds of operations. In a nutshell:
When I first started selling on Etsy, I wasn't really planning to make it a living. I wanted to make some WAM, as Lawyer Mom calls it ("walking around money"), and to keep the results of my hobby from taking over my space. When you write, you can keep it all on a thumb drive that fits in your pocket; if you make music, all you need is your instrument (and whatever accouterments it entails); when you bake, you can eat your results. But when you create physical objects, whether they're sculptures or paintings or jewelry, they are there; as Descartes would say, they have extension in space. There is joy in creation but there is no joy in having a library of dust collectors.
Even though my ambitions were low, I still wanted to do a good job. I wanted to achieve some level of "success," however that was defined. So I spent time learning to take better pictures, reading about SEO and targeting your niche market and writing engaging descriptions, and on and on. I don't like doing something unless I'm at least good at it.
The sources I was using for this (which came down to a handful of sites, all targeted at "indie biz" types, all of which you probably read yourself if you've also tried to improve your handmade shop) carried a tone of desperation that I couldn't quite pinpoint. So many interviews and articles by people who had quit their dayjobs to make upcycled doggie sweaters or whatever it is that sang to their heart. The encouragement they handed out was positively Pollyanna-ish: it's hard work but rewarding! I wouldn't go back for anything! I'm so fulfilled in a way I wasn't before! And so on.
Those messages begin to alter your thinking. You start to think that maybe you could make that switch too. It progresses until you start to think that you should do that; that if you have a noncreative job you nonetheless really like, you are somehow "part of the problem." The problem is never really explicitly defined or described, either; just implicitly assumed. It's the Voldemort in every indiemade business's life, "that which cannot be named." From what I can gather, it seems like the nightmare reality infomercial actors inhabit before they purchase the miracle product.
Working in the name of love.
The Jacobin article up there did a great job articulating all of the privilege inherent in these kinds of operations. In a nutshell:
- Most people working in the world don't have the economic means to shift from a noncreative job to a creative "do what you love" job.
- It often requires the exploitation of others at some level or another. (Steve Jobs could do what he loved with Apple because Foxconn could make iPhones for him on the cheap.)
- It encourages people to think of those who opt to do tedious, noncreative work (the article mentions "home care" and "personal care aides") as somehow less developed and individual as a person.
- Most importantly, perhaps, by conflating "work" and "love," the "do what you love" ethos makes it harder for people who are purportedly following their passions to ask for proper compensation. After all, if they loved it they would do it for free, right? The money's just an afterthought.
There's one more bullet point I feel is missing from the article, and it is this:
- It sucks the joy out of a hobby by infusing it with guilt and obligation.
When I first started selling on Etsy, I wasn't really planning to make it a living. I wanted to make some WAM, as Lawyer Mom calls it ("walking around money"), and to keep the results of my hobby from taking over my space. When you write, you can keep it all on a thumb drive that fits in your pocket; if you make music, all you need is your instrument (and whatever accouterments it entails); when you bake, you can eat your results. But when you create physical objects, whether they're sculptures or paintings or jewelry, they are there; as Descartes would say, they have extension in space. There is joy in creation but there is no joy in having a library of dust collectors.
Even though my ambitions were low, I still wanted to do a good job. I wanted to achieve some level of "success," however that was defined. So I spent time learning to take better pictures, reading about SEO and targeting your niche market and writing engaging descriptions, and on and on. I don't like doing something unless I'm at least good at it.
The sources I was using for this (which came down to a handful of sites, all targeted at "indie biz" types, all of which you probably read yourself if you've also tried to improve your handmade shop) carried a tone of desperation that I couldn't quite pinpoint. So many interviews and articles by people who had quit their dayjobs to make upcycled doggie sweaters or whatever it is that sang to their heart. The encouragement they handed out was positively Pollyanna-ish: it's hard work but rewarding! I wouldn't go back for anything! I'm so fulfilled in a way I wasn't before! And so on.
Those messages begin to alter your thinking. You start to think that maybe you could make that switch too. It progresses until you start to think that you should do that; that if you have a noncreative job you nonetheless really like, you are somehow "part of the problem." The problem is never really explicitly defined or described, either; just implicitly assumed. It's the Voldemort in every indiemade business's life, "that which cannot be named." From what I can gather, it seems like the nightmare reality infomercial actors inhabit before they purchase the miracle product.
Sorry Brooklyn hipster "do what you love" acolytes: work is work, and should be work. The problem isn't that people aren't doing what they love. The problem is too many people are caught in an exploitative, hypercompetitive capitalist system that only values people for the jobs they perform instead of their whole person and personality. "Doing what you love" does nothing but reinforce that hegemony.
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